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  • Nov 15, 2025ml6 min read
    The GPT-2 Decoder Block: Before Writing Any Code

    At university, long before the current AI period, neural networks were still niche. Academic appeal, limited hardware, results that rarely justified the compute. We wrote simple recurrent networks in C, used them in robotics and...

  • Jan 18, 2023kernel5 min read
    Implement ls

    I ask this in interviews sometimes. Not as a gotcha — as a conversation starter. “Implement ls.” Four words. The answer tells you a lot about where someone’s mental model of the OS ends.

  • Aug 8, 2022hardware5 min read
    How to Parse PCIe TLPs

    PCIe devices are everywhere, but when one misbehaves the kernel logs you with raw TLP headers and no explanation. This post is about making sense of those bytes.

  • Nov 21, 2020kernel10 min read
    Before the BSD Kernel Starts: Part One AMD64

    Note: This article was originally written for and published at Moritz Systems in November 2020. Their website is no longer available; the content is republished here in its original form. The web archive version can...

  • Nov 28, 2019security6 min read
    Debugging FFS Mount Failures

    Note: This post was originally written in 2019 and has been lightly refreshed for clarity. The content and examples are unchanged — just the presentation got a coat of paint.

  • Nov 14, 2019security7 min read
    Fuzzing NetBSD Filesystems via AFL — Part 2

    Note: This post was originally written in 2019 and has been lightly refreshed for clarity. The content and examples are unchanged — just the presentation got a coat of paint.

  • Jul 22, 2019security6 min read
    Write Your Own Fuzzer for the NetBSD Kernel

    Note: This post was originally written in 2019 and has been lightly refreshed for clarity. The content and examples are unchanged — just the presentation got a coat of paint.

  • Nov 19, 2018filesystems1 min read
    Short Story of Pages and Virtual Memory: Writing FS for Fun

    Followup Writing Linux Filesystem For Fun After my presentation “Writing Filesystem for Fun” that I did during May C/Cpp meetup I recieved many questions and positive comments. Thus I wanted to do second part of...

  • Sep 29, 2018talks3 min read
    EuroBSDCon 2018

    This year I attended the EuroBSD conference in Bucharest as a presenter. During my talk, I summarized last year of research and development of Live-patching feature for the FreeBSD kernel.

  • Sep 1, 2018kernel17 min read
    Livepatching the kernel

    One of the interesting features of the modern operating systems is live-patching: availability to do updates of the kernel without the need of rebooting the system. Updates without any downtime can be beneficial for businesses...

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